- 研究生:范佳雯
- 論文名稱:#MeToo 之後呢?-我國對於犯利用權勢或機會猥褻、性交罪之量刑因素分析
- 指導教授:沈幼蓀
- 關鍵字:量刑、權勢性交、權勢猥褻
- 論文中文摘要
2017年爆發的「#MeToo」社群運動,讓大眾意識到許多性暴力案件的受害者是迫於施暴者身分的權勢,而受到侵犯。我國針對這種性暴力犯罪的處罰,規定在刑法第228條利用權勢性交猥褻罪,性交部分,法官有6個月以上5年以下有期徒刑的量刑空間;猥褻部分,則為3年以下有期徒刑,具一定的裁量彈性。本研究使用實證研究方法,藉由歸納彙整並分析犯利用權勢或機會猥褻、性交罪案例樣本,觀察各級法院審理到最終量刑過程中有哪些重要因素,並對照關注焦點理論的三個關注焦點在實務上如何影響法官量刑,同時比較「#MeToo」運動出現前後的量刑狀況,希冀能建構出一幅較全面的參考依據,並對司法程序這個獲得「正義」的過程中提出一些反思與建議。分析自2006年7月1日至2018年12月20日間權勢猥褻及性交判決確定之案件566件,結果顯示法官對於權勢關係為私領域的案件較可能判有罪,且不會給予緩刑優惠,刑度也較長;受害人數與犯罪行為數對有無罪、有無緩刑及刑度長短也有個別影響;另犯者案前有無犯罪紀錄及案後有無坦承犯罪或和解等行為,對於法官審酌有無罪、有無緩刑優惠和有罪的刑度都至關重要,又犯者跟受害者的個人特性都會影響法官量刑,包含年齡、職業狀況等,最後發現司法制度性因素也會影響法官量刑,包含犯罪行為被發覺所費時間、審判所費時間、一審判決地區等。
- 論文英文摘要
Based on 566 court cases of sexual assault and harassment between 2006 and 2018, this study analyzed the factors that affected the verdict of the court in rates of conviction, chances of probation, and the length of sentencing. The findings indicate that crime committed in private domain, with multiple victims, are more likely to be convicted, less likely to get a probation but more likely to receive lesser sentence if found guilty. As expected, previous criminal record of any kind increases the likelihood of conviction, reduces the chances of probation and increasing the length of sentencing. Appeal, either by defendant or prosecutor, increases the chances of conviction and not receiving probation, but reduces the length of sentencing. Acts committed against those mentally and/or physically weak victims are less likely to be convicted, more likely to receive a probation and a lighter sentence. The rise of the MeToo movement has no effect on the conviction, probation, and sentencing on crimes of sexual assault and harassment.