許多研究都指出父職參與(paternal involvement)對子代的學習成就、生活福祉、行為發展等方面皆有深遠影響。亦有許多研究顯示在這個升學主義掛帥下社會中，父親會把孩子教育視為人力資本。所以在子女升學的階段，父親必定會有一些因應措施，如關心其升學情況、限制子女的作息等。目前大部分的研究都是以父親如何影響孩子的學業成績，鮮少研究去探討面對準備升學孩子時，父親的親職行為會如何改變，父親如何協助學生準備升學考試。針對以上文獻的限制，本研究利用多元線性迴歸模型來分析孩子的學業成績與偏差行為會如何因應準備升學的孩子而在父職參與中作出調整及改變。本研究將使用「台灣青少年成長歷程研究計畫」(Taiwan Youth Project，簡稱TYP)於2000年至2018年間收集的長期追蹤資料，。並合併學生及家長的樣本。本研究發現子女的行為會直接影響父職參與，具體來說，若子女的學業表現進步，父親會影響提供更多性的工具性資源父職參與和；若子女的偏差行為增加，會影響父親增加陪伴讀書時間。在此同時，且子女的性別、父母的學業成就期待、父母的教育程度跟工作狀態也會對父職參與有一定的程度上影響。本研究的實證發現能夠更全面瞭解孩子對父職參與的影響，同時亦能彌補台灣相關研究之空白缺如。

論文外文摘要：

 According to the life course perspective and the transactional model of development, the parent and child tend to alter each other mutually. A rich body of research has revealed the substantial effects of paternal involvement on children's academic achievements, well-being, and behavior development. However, not many studies have examined how the changes in children’s behaviors lead to the adjustment of the father’s parenting practices or other behaviors. For example, in Taiwanese society where credentialism has been prevailing, many studies have examined how paternal involvement affects children’s academic achievement. Very few studies, however, have investigated whether and how Taiwanese fathers adjust their engagement in parenting practices when their children are preparing for the entrance examination of high school or college. Using data from the Taiwan Youth Project (TYP), this study examines how the changes in children's academic performances and deviant behaviors lead to the adjustment of paternal engagement. The findings show that when children’s ranking in the class has improved, their fathers provide their children with more instrumental resources, such as a better study space. On the other hand, when children’s deviant behaviors increase, their fathers spend more time accompanying these children in studying. At the same time, the gender of the child, parental expectations of children’s academic achievement, and parental educational attainment and work status also significantly predict different types of paternal involvement. This study provides a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of children on parental involvement and fills the gap in the related research in Taiwan.