- 研究生：陳怡蓁
- 論文名稱：育嬰留職停薪政策對勞工勞動參與率之影響
- 指導教授：楊文山
- 關鍵字：母性政策、育嬰留職停薪政策、勞動參與率、母性保護、性別平等
- 論文中文摘要
本論文研究題目為「育嬰留職停薪政策對勞工勞動參與率之影響」，為解決人口問題，政府提出兼顧家庭及勞動參與之友善家庭與工作政策，瑞典等國家以實施親職假或相關措施為主，對該國內人口及勞動參與具有效果，本研究以我國育嬰留職停薪政策進行，以瞭解一般勞工申請育嬰留職停薪者所認為之政策對家庭和工作平衡之幫助及回到職場的效果是否受到性別、年齡、教育程度、居住地區、家庭型態、從事職業、是否為主要家計負責人及家庭經濟觀點等因素影響。
研究發現，育嬰留職停薪對家庭和工作平衡的政策效果，普遍認為有幫助，然而我國在育嬰留職停薪政策的制定及實施偏向「母性保護」觀點，缺乏對家庭照顧等私領域性別分工的切割，致職業婦女兩頭燒的情形未獲得改善，論者建議應參考瑞典、日本等國要求男性強制負擔的天數，以落實照顧工作的性別平等，進而提高女性進入職場的機會與意願，同時在部分工時工作的勞動權保障，仍應加強法治及相關配套，以保障婦女勞動權，進而避免其落入老年貧窮的狀態，作為本論文之結語。
- 論文英文摘要
The research topic of this thesis is “The Effect of Unpaid Parental Leave Policy of Labor Participation.” In order to solve the population problem, the government proposes a family-friendly and work-friendly policy that takes family as well as labor participation into account. Countries such as Sweden mainly implement parental leave or related measures, which have a good effect on the domestic population and labor participation. This study is conducted based on the policy of parental leave without pay in our country, aiming to figure out the perspectives of ordinary workers who apply for parental leave without pay on whether the following factors-gender, age, education level, residential area, family structure, occupation, the state of being the breadwinner of a family, and the ways of housework assignment and labor involvement have an influence on the policy’s effectiveness on balancing family and work and on helping workers to return to the workplace.
According to the result of the study, it is generally considered that the policy of parental leave without pay has a positive effect on balancing family and work. However, the development and implementation of our country’s policy of parental leave without pay mainly focus on the perspective of “maternity protection,” which lacks gender division of labor in private sectors such as family care. In this way, career women’s situation of burning the candle at both ends do not improve. This study concludes with a suggestion that reference should be made to the number of days in which men in Sweden and Japan are required to bear the burden for the purpose of implementing gender equality in care work and improving women’s opportunities and willingness to enter the workplace. At the same time, women’s labor rights for part-time work should be guaranteed with rules of law and related support to protect them from being in a poor condition at their old age.
