校園一隅

三鶯研究

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裸身作為抗議工具:性別、媒體與行動者
(碩士班:梁思婷)(指導教授:陳韻如)

刊登日期:2016-12-29  
友善列印

台灣從早年立委候選人許曉丹曾公開半裸,讓畫家在背上彩繪,至近期Facebook上掀起的「解放乳頭」(Free the Nipple)運動,裸身都具有反威權、反傳統、顛覆性別框架的意涵。身體展演一直以來都是同志與婦女運動的重要抗爭策略,所以國內外研究都以同志與婦女運動為研究對象,主要探討性別與裸身抗議的關係、辯論女性裸露身體的社運效應。但是裸體抗議也逐漸出現在不以性別平權為主要目的的社會運動中,如反核、保護動物、維護古蹟等等;而且參與裸體行動的男性並不比女性少。
本研究以非性別平權為目標的社會運動為對象,對照台灣同志運動來探討身體作為抗議工具如何展演出來?以及媒體如何觀看裸體抗議?抗議者本身的看法又是如何?研究資料以2003年至2015年間裸身抗議事件的平面與影音報導為主,共有30則同志運動以及29則其他非性別為主的社會運動抗議事件。研究將從性別觀點分析抗議事件、媒體報導、裸體行動者,這三個面。研究結果指出,同志運動透過多數人一同裸露裝扮的遊行下,身體會直接展現個人的身分認同。但一般非性別平權的社會運動,卻是隨著不同的抗議目標來展演抗議訴求。同時,抗議方式影響著媒體報導,但裸體行動者藉由個人採訪或部落格,又可以為媒體扭曲抗議事件做平反。
最後,無論同志或者其他社運,生理性別、社會的性別期待皆影響著身體展演的策略:同志運動用身體裸露試圖跳脫性別框架,其他非性別平權運動卻用性別的刻板印象來包裝展演身體的方式吸引大眾。


From the early years, Xu Xiao Dan naked in the public, and let the artist painted in her back. Recently, a people posted a picture of themselves with bare cheston Facebook, to protest Facebook's policy of discrimination. The naked body has several meanings, anti-authoritarian, anti-traditional and subvertion of gender norm. Body performance has been an important strategy to LGBT movements and the women's movements, so many investigations analyze the LGBT movements and the women's movementswith the focus on the relationship between gender and naked protest, debate the effects of female nude body for the movements. But in Taiwan, naked protests are also emerging for the anti-nuclear, animal protection, monument perservation and other non gender specific movements, at the same time the male nude protester are more than women.
This study analyzes from the gender perpective, the non gender specific movements in comparison with the LGBT movements, to explore their naked body strategies: how they present it? how the media react to the nude protests? what the protesters say? in the material consist of 30 protest events of LGBT movement as well as 29 non gender specific movement protests in the print and audiovisual newsreports from 2003 to2015 . The results show that gender cultural expectation and norms are affecting the nude protest trategies: the LGBT movements could break the gender norms, but the non gender specific movements use the gender stereotypes in their protests performances to gain the public attention.