The major objective of this thesis tries to figure out the reasons that make indigenous people underemployed via perceiving the phenomena in Fuyuan Tribe (alias). Besides inspecting the factors, such as the attitudes toward works and lives, the differences of culture, and the discrimination, that are recognized by mainstreams, this study also tries to explore other critic causes that are ignored for long time. Furthermore, in order to examine the theories, including the culture of poverty, human capital, and William Wilson’s points, this thesis analyzed the economic transit, regulation, residents’ habits of work, and the interaction among these elements. It is the in-depth interview that is the main method of this study. To anatomize the unique possibilities that lead to the underemployment in Fuyuan Tribe, the findings of interviews are compared to those that researcher observed during the trips in Lanyu, Qalang skikun in Yilan County, and Sqoyaw in Taichun City. This thesis points out some causes that might cause the poverty in Fuyuan Tribe. First, the abundance nature resources provide people food and clothes even without diligence. Second, the residents didn’t have right habits of lives and the attitude toward jobs that are necessary in the Industrial Age. Third, it is the difference of culture and discrimination that make them get employed difficultly. Forth, the restrains of environment and regulation that stop the development of local economy. Last but not least, plentiful welfare reduce the stimulation of persistent work and effort. Key words：nature resources, poverty, underemployment, the disappearance of industries, the disappearance of employment opportunities, and welfare-independency.
