- 研究生：何青穎
- 論文名稱：台灣工作貧窮的趨勢分析：1980-2010
- 指導教授：張清富
- 關鍵詞：職業聲望、相對貧窮、青年貧窮、工作貧窮、人力資本
- 本研究取自中央研究院調查研究之行政院主計總處提供的1980、1990、2000和2010年「人力運用調查」資料，探討台灣社會變遷下，年齡在18-64歲並全職工作者的職業聲望和工作貧窮趨勢，本研究不同以往研究，採用個人單獨所得並以相對貧窮的概念來探究工作貧窮的情形。並細探性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、都市化、教育程度、科系教育對職業聲望和工作貧窮的關係。
研究發現，經過30年社會變化，同一類變項的影響性並不相同，也就是說，隨著社會變遷，影響職業聲望與工作貧窮的因素也跟著變異，唯一沒有改變的就是教育程度。在性別的探究得出，在這30年間女性仍是比男性更易落入工作貧窮的情形，情況並未隨著社會進步而不同。另外研究也發現隨著社會變遷，勞動市場呈現出往職業聲望高處靠攏。但勞動市場在產業改變及全球化的影響下，這30年數據顯示出，以個人收入來操作貧窮概念，得出整個勞動狀況普遍往工作貧窮的方向走，而受到最大影響是青年族群。
- Based on data from "Manpower Utilization Survey in 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010," conducted by Budget, Accounting General Department, Executive Yuan and released by Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, this research attempts to explore changing trends of full-time workers’ occupational prestige and their working poverty status in Taiwan. The survey samples are people aged from 18 to 64 years old. The difference of the study from past research is to explore working poverty situation by using personal income to define working poverty. The relationships between occupational prestige/work poverty and gender, age, marital status, urbanization, and education are explored in the research.
The study found that the impacts of the same variables are not equal because of social change during past 30 years. In other word, as society changes, factors that affect both occupational prestige and working poverty are also different. The only stable factor affecting both occupational prestige and working poverty is level of education. In this 30-year period, women are still more likely than men to fall into the working poor circumstances, which did not differ with social progress. The study also found that occupational prestige of full-time workers is up in the labor market as Taiwanese society changes. Under the changes of industrial market and the influence of globalization, the research shows that the entire labor situation generally moves to the direction of working poverty during past 30 years in Taiwan. However, the most affected group is young people.
