• 研究生：陳宗聖
• 論文名稱：書有什麼用？學術文化對教育成就的影響與世代差異
• 指導教授：郭文般
• 關鍵詞：文化資本、學術文化、世代、教育成就、交互作用

• 近年來國外的許多研究都指出，家長的閱讀行為與家中的書籍量－後者用以測量家中學術文化的多寡－對孩子教育成就的正面作用。學術文化多寡所代表的家中文化生活風格有助於子代教育成就的取得，也為弱勢背景的人帶來社會流動的可能。迄今無止，台灣尚未有探討學術文化的研究；又近年來民間及政府針對社會大眾的閱讀習慣進行調查所得顯示：台灣和其他國家相比，國人的閱讀量及購書量都遠低於其他國家。在這種情況下，國外的研究結果是否也適用於台灣呢？此外，和國外的發展背景相比，台灣社會這數十年來教育部門的變遷速度相對要來得快，是否將使得學術文化對於不同世代教育成就取得存在不同的作用？

本研究使用2005 年「台灣社會變遷調查」的附加專題，東亞「社會階層與社會流動調查（social mobility & social stratification survey）」（SSM）的資料進行分析。分析結果顯示：（1）學術文化對各個世代中的教育成就都有顯著的正向影響；（2）學術文化對教育成就的影響力隨世代而降低，但都仍達到統計上的顯著水準。我們推測，降低的原因可能來自於教育部門持續擴張的效果；（3）學術文化和父親教育程度、學術文化和經濟資源這兩者的交互作用，對教育成就產生負向的效果，顯示學術文化對於出生背景較差的孩子之向上流動，具有更強的提升效果。

• In recent years, a lot of foreign researches indicate that the parents' reading behavior and the number of books at home - treated as the measure of family scholarly culture - influence positively on children’s educational attainment. Moreover, this effect is more pronounced among the lower-status groups’ children. Yet, to this day, this line of research is not yet found in Taiwan. Added to this, recently Taiwanese are more aware that Taiwanese read less and buy fewer books in average in comparison with other nations. Also, the expansion of Taiwanese education sector in recent decades will very probably have an impact on the patterns of Taiwanese educational attainment. With all these in mind, we chose to focus on the ways that the family scholarly culture would influence the patterns of educational attainment of different cohorts in Taiwan.

The data of “Social Mobility & Social Stratification Survey (SSM)” of “Taiwan Social Change Survey, 2005” is used for the analyses. The major outcomes are as the follows: (1) the family scholarly culture positively effects the educational attainment of all cohorts; (2) The effect of family scholarly culture on educational attainment declines through cohorts, but retains at a significant level statistically. We speculate that the result of alleviate is because of the continued educational expansion; (3) Both the interaction terms of the scholarly culture and father’s education, the scholarly culture and family economic resources have a negative impact on educational attainment. It reveals that people from lower family background gained more in terms of education attainment from their family scholarly culture.