• 研究生：何毓婷
• 論文名稱：探討世代因素對於成年子女之奉養奉道影響
• 指導教授：楊文山
• 關鍵詞：世代、奉養孝道、孝道信念、孝道行為

• 隨著社會變遷，家庭功能逐步被現代體制所取代，代間資源的改變，進而影響傳統家庭制度的運作模式與代間關係，使得子女奉養父母的傳統印象，面臨諸多考驗。本研究旨在分析個人背景變項與孝道信念及孝道行為間的交互影響，並進一步探討世代因素對於成年子女之孝道信念及孝道行為是否存在明顯的差異，以及孝道信念與孝道行為間之關聯性，研究資料來自2011年「臺灣社會變遷基本調查」第六期第二次「家庭組」問卷調查資料，並選取其中受訪者之父親與母親均存活者之樣本為分析對象，樣本數共878人，所得資料係以敘述性統計、相關分析及迴歸分析之統計方法進行探討。研究結果顯示如下：
  1.成年子女仍保有及遵從奉養孝道，在孝道信念方面，更重視「相互性孝道信念」；在孝道行為方面，較注重提供「情感關懷」之孝道行為。
  2.「教育程度」、「居住地都市化情形」及「親子關係」是共同影響「相互性孝道信念」及「權威性孝道信念」之個人背景變項。
  3.不同世代之成年子女在「相互性孝道信念」及「權威性孝道信念」的認同上，均未顯現世代差異。
  4.「年齡」、「教育程度」、「收入」、「與父母之居住安排」及「親子關係」之個人背景變項，分別對於孝道行為有影響。
  5.不同世代之成年子女在「金錢支助」及「勞務協助」之孝道行為，均未顯現世代差異；但「X世代」及「Y世代」在「金錢支助」之孝道行為，均較「嬰兒潮世代」為佳，顯示世代差異。
  6.孝道信念與孝道行為呈現正相關，孝道信念越高，越注重孝道行為。
  7.「勞務協助」之孝道行為受「相互性孝道信念」之影響；「情感關懷」之孝道行為則受「相互性孝道信念」及「權威性孝道信念」之雙重影響。
• Functions of family have been replaced by modern system and the changes of inter-generation resources impacts pattern and relationships of traditional family system as the changing of society, this caused the tradition of children caring their parents facing challenges .The purpose of this study focus on analyzing the inter-influences between the variances of personal background, conviction of filial piety and behaviors of filial piety. Furthermore, this study also wants to discuss whether if there’s any significant differences between different generations of adult child’s conviction and behavior of filial piety and the relevance between the conviction and behaviors of filial piety. This research’s data base on the survey of “the overall change of Taiwan society, 2011 ” Episode 6-2 “ Family Episode”. The number of interviewed sample is 878 which was chosen from the survey’s sample of their parents still alive .The Statistic methods of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis are been used to analysis collected data and the study results show as below:
  1.Adult children still have and follow the filial piety. For the conviction of filial piety, they treat a higher value of “reciprocal filial piety” and provide the “emotional care” on the behavior aspect.
  2.“Education”, “ Urbanization of living place”, “parent-child relationship” are the same factors of “reciprocal filial piety” and “authoritarian filial piety” that influence personal background variance.
  3.There’s no significant difference on “reciprocal filial piety” and “authoritarian filial piety” between different generations of adult children.
  4.These personal background variance - “Age”, “Education” , “Income” , “living arrangements with parents” and “parent-child relationship” are affects to each individual’s filial piety behaviors.
  5.There’s no significant difference on “money support” and “physical assistance” filial piety behaviors between different generations of adult children. However, the “money support” behavior shows more on the “Generation X”and “Generation Y” then the “The Baby Boomers” and this exposed the difference of generation.
  6.The conviction and behavior of filial piety are positively correlation, the higher conviction of filial piety shows more behaviors of filial piety.
  7.“Physical assistance” is influenced by the behavior of “reciprocal filial piety” and the “emotional care” is influenced behaviors of both “reciprocal filial piety” and “authoritarian filial piety”.