- 研究生:趙秋雲
- 論文名稱: 台灣青年工作貧窮現象
- 指導教授: 張清富
- 關鍵字: 絕對貧窮、相對貧窮、工作貧窮、均等待遇
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本研究取2008年中央研究院調查研究專題中心「學術調查研究資料庫」依據行政院勞工委員會提供之「2008年青年勞工就業狀況調查」問卷資料，以台灣15歲以上29歲以下投保勞工保險在保之青年就業者為分析對象，從「絕對貧窮」及「相對貧窮」概念解析台灣青年工作貧窮者在個人因素及結構因素等面向所呈現出之特質。
研究發現性別、教育程度、工作經驗、職業別、工作型態及社會網絡等因素，都是影響台灣青年工作者是否會陷入工作貧窮現象的關鍵因素，其中教育程度及工作型態的影響最鉅。
另外，本研究不同於其他工作貧窮研究，增加專業證照、工作經驗、工作型態、工作性質及社會網絡等因素深入探討，惟分析發現專業證照及派遣工作對台灣青年工作者是否會陷入工作貧窮現象，完全沒有任何影響，而社會網絡的影響則與社會資本理論相佐。而且，分析得到性別因素會隨著工作貧窮測量標準的提高而增加其影響力，又雇主願意給付予部分工時工作者的薪資數額，普遍低於全日工作者，實有違均等待遇原則。
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Abstract
Taking the young employees between the ages of 15-year-old through 29-year-old covered by the Labor Insurance as the research object and applying the information from the Survey Research Database Archive of Center for Survey Research of Academia Sinica based on the 2008 youth labor employment survey questionnaires data provided by The Council of Labor Affairs, this study attempts to analyze personal and structural factors of the Taiwanese young working poor from the concepts of ‘absolute poverty’ and ‘relative poverty’.
The study finds that gender, education, working experience, occupation, working type and social networks are the key factors to influence the Taiwanese youth who will fall into working poverty or not. Education and working type are the top two factors.
Besides, different from other working poverty researches, the study also adds professional licenses, working experience, working type, working patterns and social networks to explore the Taiwanese youth working poverty. However, the research finds that professional licenses and working patterns do not show effects on the working poverty at all, and the social networks have negative effect, which is different from the social capital theory. The research also finds that the factor of gender increases its effect when enhancing the working poverty measuring standards. Obviously, the wage offered by the employers to female employee is not high enough to compete with that offered to male employee. The employers also offer less wage to part-time workers than to the full-time workers. This is against the principle of equal treatment.
