• 研究生: 林淑萍
• 論文名稱: 再就業婦女職業流動之研究
• 指導教授: 沈幼蓀
• 關鍵字:   人力資本、婚育離職、職業流動
  
  [中文摘要]
  二度就業是近二十年來成長最為快速的婦女就業類型，本研究主要目的在於探討婚育再就業婦女職業流動情形及影響其職業流動的因素。本研究使用1993年與2010年主計處「婦女婚育與就業調查」資料，透過職業流動表分析已婚婦女因結婚離職而復職及因生育離職而復職之職業變化，以及使用職業聲望分數與職業分類對照表進一步探討婚育再就業婦女職業流動方向與情形。此外，以二元邏輯迴歸、多項次邏輯迴歸及線性迴歸分析，探究婚育再就業婦女職業流動與職業流動幅度之影響因素。研究結果顯示，1993年與2010年因結婚離職再就業婦女前後職業有流動者相較於因生育離職再就業婦女普遍；婦女職業大都集中在「半專業」、「低階白領」、「服務業」與「勞動體力」幾類，復職後職業的改變也大都在類似職業中轉換或不流動的情形。在採用職業聲望分數與職業分類對照表的測量來呈現流動情形下，婚育婦女復職後職業有流動的情形多於沒有流動。經邏輯迴歸分析，本研究發現代表人力資本指標的教育為影響1993年與2010年婚育婦女職業流動的主要因素，婦女人力資本愈豐厚，有利於重返職場時向上流動且向上流動的幅度也愈大，但本研究結果也顯示，教育對2010年因結婚中斷而再就業婦女出現了兩極化的影響，婦女教育程度愈高卻也使其向下流動幅度愈大。
  
  [英文摘要]
  The women re-employment was the fastest growing type of employment in the last two decades in Taiwan. Using data from the “Survey of Women's Marriage, Fertility and Employment” in 1993 and 2010 collected by DGBAS, this study shows that in 1993 and 2010, women’s occupations are concentrated in “assistant professional” “low-level white-collar”, “services” and “labor physical”. After re-employment, women experienced no occupational changes of only experienced job changes in similar occupations. Adopting the measurement of “occupational prestige scores” and “career classification table”, the results indicate that after the reinstatement, women experienced more upward mobility than stability. According “logistic regression analysis”, education was the main factor that facilitates these movements: the more abundant of human capital, the higher the possibility of returning to labor market, and higher the mobility chances. However, the analysis also shows that in 2010 there is a tendency of polarization: the higher the education level, the greater the upward and downward mobility.