• 研究生: 鄭婷尹
• 論文名稱: 臺灣原住民族貧窮因素之研究
• 指導教授: 張清富
• 關鍵字:   原住民、貧窮
  
  [中文摘要]
  根據行政院原住民族委員會原住民就業狀況調查報告顯示，原住民族勞動參與率高於一般民眾，原住民族從業人口前三名分別為製造業、營造業以及農林漁牧業，多屬基層技術工及勞力工等高風險、低發展性、不穩定的體力型工作，其平均月薪未及一般受僱勞工的二分之一，有六成原住民家庭每人每月最低生活費低於我國政府貧窮線，面臨經濟困境。
  本研究為解釋影響原住民族貧窮的因素，採用中研院2007年「臺灣原住民社會變遷與政策評估調查研究」資料庫，以受訪者背景資料、個人資本、家庭結構等為自變項，工作狀況為中介變項，是否貧窮作為依變項，並透過邏輯迴歸分析各個自變項對依變項的影響。
  研究結果發現，影響貧窮的直接因素有年齡、居住地、教育程度、心理健康、家庭型態、是否多子女、家中有幼兒，其中年齡、居住地、教育程度、心理健康、是否多子女、家中有幼兒亦透過工作狀況間接影響貧窮；性別、身體健康、尋職管道則主要是透過工作的取得間接影響貧窮。中介變項即工作狀況顯著受到背景因素與個人資本的影響，但並未受到家庭型態的影響。此外，造成原住民族貧窮的因素很多，後續研究仍須加強對於勞力市場結構、大環境因素、甚至於歷史層面等因素的分析，才能完整陳述原住民經濟困境之原因。
  
  [英文摘要]
  Taiwan indigenous peoples’ employment survey report shows that their labor force participation rate is higher than that of the general population. However, their average monthly salary is less than half of the general employees because most of them are engaged in manufacturing, construction industry, agriculture and fishery. These jobs are usually low-skilled, high physical and high-risk, low development and high unemployment risk.
  Using the data of the Taiwan Indigenous People Survey (TIPS), this paper tries to explain the factors affecting their poverty. Attempting to analyze the Taiwan indigenous peoples’ poverty from poverty-related theories, the research uses respondents’ personal backgrounds, their personal capital and family structure as independent variables, working status as an intervening variable, and poverty as the dependent variable. Because the dependent variable is dichotomous scale, so logical regressions are employed in the study.
  The results show that the level of education, mental health, and family structure directly influence the family poverty besides of age and area of residence. Gender, health, and interpersonal networks of job search affect the family poverty through working status. In addition, there are many factors causing Taiwan indigenous peoples’ poverty. Follow-up studies need to strengthen the analysis of labor market structure, environmental factors, and even historical perspective.