- 研究生: 潘薇蒂
- 論文名稱: 算命研究
- 指導教授: 郭文般
- 關鍵字: 算命、社會邊緣性、不確定感、威權性格
- 「算命」這項古老的中、西傳統術數，在廿一世紀的台灣社會中仍隨處可見，並未因科學理性的壓抑而在民眾的生活中銷聲匿跡。本研究共分為二大部分，第一部分以立意抽樣方式，選取16個樣本進行半結構式的質性深度訪談，除深入瞭解性別、科學、宗教與算命之間的關聯外，也歸納出影響算命的可能變項─個人不確定感及權威指引；第二部分則運用社會邊緣性理論、不確定感、威權性格理論三種觀點來分析影響台灣民眾「採取算命行動」、「相信算命」以及「相信算命的作用」的因素，資料來源為中央研究院社會學研究所「台灣社會變遷基本調查」第四期第五次宗教文化組調查，研究結果顯示：Wuthnow (1976)的社會邊緣性理論中，僅女性變項可有效解釋算命行動及相信算命的態度，因此並不完全適用於台灣民眾；而不確定感及Adorno (1974﹝1994﹞)威權性格理論中的部分變項，則對算命行動及相信算命的態度有著顯著影響，較社會邊緣性理論更能清楚解釋台灣民眾的算命現象。
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Abstract
Even in the 21st century, the oriental and western ancient occultism of fortune-telling is still very popular in Taiwan. It has not completely disappeared in people’s life because of the oppression by sciences and rationality. There were primarily two parts in this study. The first part used the purposive sampling and selected 16 samples to conduct the partially structural in-depth interviews. We examined the relationships between fortune-telling and genders, sciences, and religions. We induced that the possible parameters of seeking fortune-telling were individual uncertainty and authoritative guidance. The second part of this study is to analyze the factors which led Taiwanese to seek and believe in fortune-telling and trust the effect of fortune-telling, considering the three perspectives of social marginality, uncertainty, and authoritarian personality. The data was originated from the Taiwan Social Change Survey conducted by the Religion and Culture Group of Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica during the fifth round of the forth phase of the survey. The result of this part showed that based on the social marginality hypothesis (Wuthnow, 1976), the explanation of seeking and believing in fortune-telling was only applicable to females and therefore not applicable to Taiwanese people, while some of the parameters of uncertainty and authoritarian personality (Adorno, 1974, ﹝1994﹞) had a significant impact on seeking and believing in fortune-telling and could better explained why Taiwanese people like fortune-telling.
