- 研究生: 李蕙如
- 論文名稱: 宗教信仰對貧窮形成原因看法之影響探討
- 指導教授: 郭文般
- 關鍵字: 宗教信仰、貧窮
-
宗教信仰作為一種文化體系提供信徒對社會現象提供特殊角度的理解。本研究特別針對不同宗教類屬的信徒對貧窮的看法之差異。對貧窮不同的看法意涵了對社會穩定或者社會變遷的期待。
本研究的分析資料是採自2007年臺灣社會變遷基本調查第五期第三次階層組研究問卷。依研究目的以敘述統計分析、單因子變異數分析、多元迴歸分析，探討不同宗教的信徒對人為何貧窮的看法的差異。
研究結果發現，相對於其他類屬，自認佛教徒更強調社經機會結構是造成貧窮之因，而比較不是其他因素；自認道教徒和基督宗教徒都比較偏向不同意命運的因素，但是基督宗教徒又更不強調社經機會結構的問題，而與自認佛教徒形成對比；無宗教信仰者則近於基督宗教徒，在個人可控制因素的歸因上較高，而社經結構因素較低，同樣具有強調個人負責的傾向；新興宗教徒則一方面在個人可控制因素的努力不夠之外，又加上了不可控制的命運的歸因，一方面是現實社會中的不努力，另一方面則是民俗信仰觀念中的命運使然；最後的民間信仰則是一個奇特的組合，既認為社會機會結構是貧窮之因，也認為個體可控制因素和不可控制因素中的「命運」是貧窮之因。民間信仰者向來廣納各方信仰，而不求觀念間的一致性，也許是造成這種現象的原因。
-
Abstract
Religious beliefs usually imply some sorts of viewpoints on secular life. This thesis wishes to reveal how self-reported religions believers attribute the reasons of personal poverty. The data-set used was collected by the research project “Taiwan Social Change Survey” 2007. One way ANOVA as well as multiple regression analysis were utilized to find out the patterns of different religions believers in their attribution of personal poverty.
The result reveals that different religions believers do attribute differently in some aspects. In short, Buddhists emphasize more on socio-economic opportunity structure and the Christians less so. Both Taoists and Christians do not think "fate" as a significant factor. The non-believers are similar to the Christians. In contrast, The new religions believers tend to take fate as a significant factor, however, not working hard on the part of the poor is also recognized for them as a major factor. Lastly, the folk religionists seem to agree on several factors causing personal poverty.
