- 研究生: 劉欣怡
- 論文名稱: 男性工作世界中「新兵」─以我國女性志願役士兵為例
- 指導教授: 陳韻如
- 關鍵字: 志願女性士兵、性別群體、軍隊職場
[中文摘要]
以我國志願女性士兵現況而言，一旦廣佈到各部隊服役，勢必得面臨許多的窘境與限制，本研究想進一步瞭解，當愈來愈多的女兵陸續分發到基層單位時，身在原本以男性為主的工作職場－軍隊，她們是以什麼樣的方式和態度去面對這個充滿陽剛氣息的環境，在部隊如何找到自己的角色定位、尋求支持與認同，在投效軍旅之後，又是如何突破困境、爭取機會。因此，研究目的有二：瞭解志願女性士兵在軍隊的困境及探討軍隊組織造成的性別不平等問題。另因她們是軍隊最基層的人員，除了面臨性別問題，還必須適應階級制度並扮演被領導的角色。此外，連隊裡士兵為多數，而士兵組成的性別比例不同是否對女兵在職場上互動經驗造成差異，或更進一步影響到女兵的權益及升遷發展是我們所好奇的議題。故透過質化研究的方法，訪談二十位志願女性士兵，並將對象以性別比例的不同區分為兩個部分，一是通信單位（女性比例最高）；另一為勤務單位（男性比例較高），運用深度訪談方式從組織、體制、規範、工作與生活等面向進行個案研究，由分析結果發現提升女生比例可促進異性之間的良好互動，但無法改善性別不平等問題，軍隊組織制度中男性優先於女性的原則，造成長官對待不同性別的下屬方式不一、女兵在升遷上處於劣勢，無法發揮所長與男兵公平競爭。
[英文摘要]
Considering the current situation of Taiwan’s female volunteer soldiers, they must have to face predicaments and restrictions once served in the military. This study aims to reveal female volunteer soldiers’ methods and attitudes coping with the male-dominated environment, to understand how they find their roles and seek supports in this environment, and how they overcome hardships and seize opportunities. The two goals of this study are to reveal female volunteer soldiers’ predicaments, and to discuss the inequality due to Taiwan’s current military organization. Female volunteer soldiers are grass roots of a military, thus they have to deal with gender issues as well as to adapt the rank system and to follow the leaders. Besides, soldiers represents the majority of a company, this study focus on whether the gender ratio affects the working experiences or promotions of female soldiers. Through qualitative research, this study takes interviews of twenty female soldiers--from a signal corps unit (highest female ratio in a single military unit) and from a service unit (unit with a higher male ratio) and in depth interviews to conduct case study on organization, system, regulations, work, and life. The result of the analysis reveals that expanding female ratio can improve interactions between the two genders but cannot solve the gender inequality problem. Taiwan’s military system prioritize male soldiers than females, therefore higher ranking officers treat males and females differently. Female soldiers are the underdogs; they cannot exploit talents to compete for promotions, neither can they have a fair competition with male soldiers.
