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三鶯研究

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游移的祖國:台籍戰俘營監視員的認同形成與變遷
(碩專班:陳嫦玫) (指導教授:王雅各)

刊登日期:2008-01-31  
友善列印
  • 研究生:陳嫦玫
  • 論文名稱:游移的祖國:台籍戰俘營監視員的認同形成與變遷
  • 指導教授:王雅各
  • 關鍵字:戰俘營監視員、國家認同、認同變遷、理性選擇
  • [摘要]

    本研究之目的,在於了解台籍戰俘營監視員「認同」的形成與變遷,以及他們思考「國家認同」所依循的方式。本研究採訪談與口述歷史法,透過受訪者對其生命故事的描述,進行分析與探討。研究發現如下:

    監視員的「國家認同」並非固著不變,而是處於游移不定的狀態。大體而言是,他們的「國家認同」選擇是關乎生存利益的「政治制度認同」多於情感連繫的「族群文化認同」。監視員對自己「國家認同」的形容是:「誰來管,就插誰的國旗!」。當依附的日本殖民帝國覆滅之際,他們的認同從日本轉向來台的中華民國。他們並不認為國民政府是「外來政權」。但「中國人政府」對待台灣人的模式,又同樣延續了日本人殖民台灣的手法,讓他們有「二等國民」的感受。台灣政權轉移,他們一度對民進黨寄予厚望。但如今出於對台灣政局與經濟的失望,又眼見中國大陸政經情勢扶搖直上。他們認為台灣未來終將會被中共統一,並且也有人主張接受中共統治未必不可行。因為強盛的國家,可以為人民帶來最基本的生活安定保障。這其中所透露的訊息是:出於最基本的安全感需求與生存利益的考量;監視員的「國家認同」是「西瓜偎大邊」,也就是選擇一個可以依附的強者,作為認同的終極目標。

    本研究是針對一群有特殊經驗和遭遇的人所進行的探討。在推論上,此研究結果或許無法應用在所有曾被日本殖民統治過的台灣民眾身上。但藉由對此特殊族群所做的研究,可讓我們了解,曾經有過如此經歷的人,他們可能會有的認同轉變,幫助我們對認同的形成與變遷有更寬廣的認識。


  • [ 英文摘要 ]

    The purpose of this research is to understand the formation and change of the identity of Taiwanese POW camp guards and the way they think about national identity. In-depth interviews were used to describe the life stories of these guards. The results of this investigation are as follows:

    The concepts of national identity of the guards were changeable rather than fixed. Generally, the deciding factor in the guards’ choice of national identity is the recognition of political systems associated with survival benefits more than the identification of ethnic culture associated with emotional attachment. The guards described their own national identity as: “the flag is determined by the ones who govern”. When Japan’s colonial government was overturned, the identity of guards turned toward to the new KMT (Chinese Nationalist) government in Taiwan. They did not regard the Nationalist government as an external or foreign one. However, the way in which this “Chinese government” treated the Taiwanese people was similar to Japan’s colonization of Taiwan and made Taiwanese people feel like “second-class citizens”. In recent years, with the transition of Taiwan’s governing power, Taiwanese people had great expectations of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), but now, with the disappointments of Taiwan’s politics and economy along with the booming of China’s political and economic power, the former guards consider that eventually Taiwan will be governed by China. Some people accept that, China being such a strong country, people will enjoy basic security of life if it reigns over Taiwan. The message being delivered is that, in considering their needs of basic security and survival, the ultimate goal of the guards in terms of national identity is to choose a powerful player on which they can rely.

    This study is focused on a group of people with specific experiences and encounters. Rationally, the results of this study cannot be applied to all Taiwanese people who were colonized by Japan. However, through the study of this special group, we can understand how people who have undergone such experiences can change their identity, and it can help us gain a broader knowledge of the formation of and changes in identity.