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台灣地區族群的職業隔離及流動之探討
(碩專班:楊儒源) (指導教授:張清富)

刊登日期:2007-08-31  
友善列印
  • 研究生:楊儒源
  • 論文名稱:台灣地區族群的職業隔離及流動之探討
  • 指導教授:張清富
  • 關鍵字:社會流動 ; 代內流動 ; 代間流動 ; 職業隔離 ; 雙元勞動市場
  • [摘要]

    以往對台灣地區社會流動的研究多以聲望測量為主,相關研究顯示流動的距離並不大,但研究重點較著重個人的流動而忽略上下兩代的影響,且較少探討族群差異,並忽略結構因素如都市化程度的影響。另外,之前研究多以功能論觀點討論社會流動,而忽略以衝突論的觀點來分析,因此,本研究選擇以衝突論觀點的雙元勞動市場理論,以勞力市場區隔概念分析台灣族群間職業流動及隔離,驗證台灣地區族群間的職業流動及隔離樣貌。本研究以「臺灣地區社會變遷基本調查計劃」第四期第三次調查社會階層組之職業資料,區分為初級勞動市場與次級勞動市場二大類,進行交叉分析及二元Logistic迴歸分析。研究發現在台灣地區,職業結構的代間及代內階級傳承現象明顯。而外省族群集中於初級勞動市場比例高於閩南及客家族群,向上流動取得較佳的職業地位的機會也較高,族群間存在職業隔離及流動差異,外省族群明顯在勞動市場取得的職業地位優勢。另外女性相較男性,代內向上流動的機會較低,但在代間流動比男性具有優勢。其他如個人教育程度、初職及年資等,對職業地位流動具有一定的影響力,而都市化程度對的勞動市場的職業隔離的現象並不明顯,顯示城鄉差距並不若想像嚴重。

  • [ 英文摘要 ]

    In the past, the studies of social mobility in Taiwan mainly relied on the measurement of prestige, paying more attention on individual mobility but less on the influence of generations, the difference between ethnicities and other constructive reasons, such as the degree of urbanization. In addition, those studies usually use the functionalist theory, neglecting to the conflict. In that case, the results of the relevant studies in the past revealed that the scale of social mobility was not large. As a result, I try to discuss the mobility and segregation of occupation between ethnicities of Taiwan through a different theory, the dual labor market theory, which is from a conflict viewpoint.

    This research based on the occupational data from the survey of “Taiwan Social Chang Survey: the Third Survey of the Fourth Cycle”, divided into primary and secondary labor market, analyzed by cross analysis and binary logistic regression. It was obviously discovered in Taiwan the phenomenon that status in occupational structure goes down to posterity among the Intergeneration and Intra-generation. And the proportion for the mainlanders in the primary labor market were higher than the Minnarn and Haka ethnic group, and the chance to obtain better occupational status is relatively high for the mainlanders, there were difference in occupational segregation and mobility among the ethnicities. Obviously the mainlanders had advantage in occupational status on the labor market of ethnicities. Besides, Women, relatively man, had low chance to flow upwards among intra-generation, but had advantage than man among intergeneration. Other such as the personal education degree, first job and work experience etc. did have certain influence to the occupational status, and urbanization intensity was not certain effect occupational Segregation on labor market , it was not seriously in urban and rural areas.