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三鶯研究

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獨居還是與子女同住? 居住安排的期望落差對台灣老人生活滿意度的影響
(碩士班:邱彩薇) (指導教授:郭文般)

刊登日期:2012-08-01  
友善列印


  • 研究生: 邱彩薇
  • 論文名稱: 獨居還是與子女同住? 居住安排的期望落差對台灣老人生活滿意度的影響
  • 指導教授: 郭文般
  • 關鍵字: 老人、生活滿意度、居住安排、居住落差、生活品質
  • [摘要]

    根據主計處截至2010年底的統計,台灣每十人中即有一人為65歲以上的老人,老化速率甚至排名全球前三,老人議題儼然成為社會不容忽視的議題。當一個老人面對身體機能退化或社會角色(如退休)撤退等改變時,居住安排直接影響老人的經濟交換、社會互動及生活滿意度。過往研究認為老人與子女同住的比例雖逐年下降,但在亞洲的孝道文化傳統的價值觀之下,與子女同住仍被認為是有效提升老年人生活滿意度的較佳居住安排。研究指出偏好除了受到文化規範的影響,社經狀況也會造成偏好的差異。然而,過去研究忽略老人個體偏好,在實際測量時直接將現實居住安排假定成部分的居住偏好的實現。本文研究區分居住偏好(理想的居住)和居住安排(實際的居住狀態)的差異,在控制了人口、經濟與社會支持三面向的相關變項下,本研究發現,當居住偏好與狀態一致時,「獨居」與「與已婚子女同住」對老人生活滿意度的影響並沒有差異。反之,居住偏好與實際安排有落差的老人,生活滿意度較低。根據本研究的發現,老人並非同質性的團體,在制定居住安排政策時應該納入老人聲音,並提供更多元且完善的居住安排選項予以老人,才能使台灣老人安然度過晚年。


  • [ 英文摘要 ]

    According to the official statistics, one tenth of the population in Taiwan will be at the age of 65 or above by the end of 2010. Aging, and related social policies, has become the most important social issue in Taiwan. When elderly people face physical deterioration and social disengagement, their living arrangements will impact their economic exchange, social interaction, and, most importantly, quality of life. Previous studies have claimed that the proportion of elderly people living with their married children is declining in Taiwan, but under the traditional values of filial piety in Asia, living with one's children is still considered a better living arrangement to improve elderly people’s life satisfaction. Studies of living arrangements often discuss co-residence preferences but rarely measure them, instead assuming that actual living arrangements are a partial consequence of preference, thus ignoring the actual preferences of elderly individuals. This study takes both preferred living arrangements and actual living arrangements into consideration. The results shows that as long as there is no gap between the ideal living arrangement and the reality, there is no difference in life satisfaction between living alone or living with children. Elderly people who cannot live as they prefer show low life satisfaction. The policy implications of this research suggest there is no single best living arrangement for elderly people in Taiwan; rather, it is important to take elderly people’s voices into consideration to assure their quality of life.