校園一隅

三鶯研究

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仁安村的社會經濟變遷
(碩士班張愛雯) (指導教授:黃樹仁)

刊登日期:2008-08-31  
友善列印


  • 研究生: 張愛雯
  • 論文名稱: 仁安村的社會經濟變遷
  • 指導教授: 黃樹仁
  • 關鍵字: 社會經濟變遷、農村、農業、農民、公館鄉
  • [摘要]

    本研究旨在透過考察苗栗縣公館鄉仁安村,了解歷史演變之下,農村所經歷的社會經濟變化及現況。

    研究發現,不論是工業化前後,農民做為經濟人,在農業行為上是積極的,他們會因應市場或環境變化來改變作物種類,以謀求更高利益。而隨著社會變遷,農作物的市場從早期以糧食作物、經濟作物為主,到現在以園藝作物為主,顯示社會結構轉變之下,對農作物的需求也產生改變。農民積極的經濟理性,在工業的發展提供了更大的發展空間下,得以採取多樣化經營方式,使得農業更得以維持。

    農業隨著社會的變遷而調整經營方式,加上農業相對工業的落後使得農民在務農方式上也起了變化,農民的組成也隨之變化,表面上看起來雖然都是農民,但內涵卻已經不同,考察農家實際狀況後,本研究將現代臺灣農家分類為傳統專業農家、半傳統專業農家、準業餘農家、業餘農家、可退老農家、綜合農家、企業農家。隨著時代變遷,未來臺灣農家則會以業餘農家與企業農家為主。

    透過仁安村的研究,可以更進一步增加我們對臺灣農業現況的理解,也可知道雖然農村看似靜止不動或相對落後,但卻不斷變遷以因應時代變化。

  • [ 英文摘要 ]

    The purpose of this study is, via making a survey of Ren-an Village of the Gongguan Township, Miaoli County, to realize the rural village‘s socio-economic change and its status quo under the historic evolution.

    The findings are that farmers, as the economic men, demonstrated aggressive behaviors on agriculture no matter the period before industrialization or after it. They seek for higher profits by altering the types of crops to respond to market change or environmental change. Due to the social change, the crop market has changed greatly from taking grains and industrial crops as principal production to horticultural crops, revealing the demand for crops in the market has also changed by the current social structure.

    With the societal change, agriculture adjusts its operating ways. Besides, because of the rapid development of industry, operating ways and the composition of peasants also change; on the surface, they look like peasants, but substantially they are not totally engaged in agriculture. As shown by the study, the farmers are basically classified into several types: traditional professional, half-traditional professional, quasi-amateur, amateur, retired, complex, and business ones. As time goes by, the amateur and the business type will be the major part of Taiwan’s farming family in the future

    From this study, the author believes that it can enhance our understanding of agricultural status quo in Taiwan and in addition, though the rural village looks like still or backward, we can realize the farming society always changes in response to the change of time.