- 研究生:邱盈綺
- 論文名稱:全球化與地方產業創新:台灣南部養殖漁業的社會經濟分析
- 指導教授:黃樹仁
- 關鍵字:養殖漁業 ; 全球化 ; 兼業化 ; 石斑魚 ; 區域分工
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[摘要]
本研究透過台灣養殖漁業的發展歷程，並以石斑魚養殖業個案，來探討全球化下台灣養殖漁家家戶生計的變遷，以及地方生產組織的回應。
資本和技術密集的養殖漁業興起，是台灣農業近三十年來的發展趨勢之一。台灣養殖漁業在1970年代整合進入國際市場才快速發展，晚近受到國際市場的競爭，而面臨發展困境。早期發展的漁種隨著發展時間改變其經濟價值，小規模養殖漁業的經營模式無法家計，傳統養殖漁種做為家戶主要收入來源的地位逐漸改變，在不退出市場的情況下，養殖漁家以擴大養殖面積和混養其他高經濟漁種，做為經營調適之道。有能力經營高經濟漁種者，則是以青壯、高教育程度為主的少數人。高經濟海水漁類與水產種苗業，隨著台灣在全球養殖漁業生產的分工角色改變而興起，石斑魚做為高經濟漁種的代表，在垂直分工的彈性化生產模式下，地方因應區域特性，產生了區域分工與經營型態差異，成為高經濟養殖漁家維持生計的一種經營模式。透過台灣養殖漁業的研究，可以進一步增進我們對台灣農業發展現實的理解。
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[ 英文摘要 ]
The rapid arise of the service industry needs lead to more working opportunities, changes of the needs
in the labour market. As well as, brings the society a different sex combination in different occupation in the labour market. Are the women still seemed to work in some particular occupation after the changes?
Are these changes enhance the women to be more valuable at the workplace or still be placed to work in the secondary labour market? Do the men still have more opportunities than the women to perform the professional works? Do the women receive the same salary as the men do when they perform the same job? Does the unequal salary between men and women affect by the occupational segregation between sexes？The Crowded Theory believes that the average salary of the feminine dominated occupation is usually lower than the male dominated occupation. A male employee is usually affected by the phenomenon the most than a woman who works in the same feminine workforce.
The aim of the research is to find out the impacts of the job allocation and salary difference between the female and the male at different workplace such as male or feminine dominated work. Examine the Service Industry by using the cross-sectional human resource survey data.The research result shows that the Taiwanese Services Industry tends to have a “Female usually work in the White collar level” phenomenon. These women are mostly to work in the feminine workforce. The salary difference between sexes of the feminie occupation is not much different compares to the non-feminie occupation.
The Salary difference between sexes has less impact on the women who perform higher skill jobs in the dominant industry and the ones who do the dominant type of works. However, the female workers in the more dominant industry seem to have the larger scales of salary difference between sexes. In conclusion, the decrease or increase of the occupational segregation between sexes of the non-feminine dominated occupation is more like to reduce the salary difference between sexes. As well as, the changes of occupational segregation between sexes and the salary difference between sexes does not necessarily move consistently with each other.
