研究指出，自1980年代以來，全球工運普遍面臨實力消退與工會組織率下降的困境，然自1990年代起，「工運社運化」（Social Movement Unionism, SMU）成為振興工運的新契機，出現以社會運動理論發展的工運研究，研究焦點亦由積極的行動者取向取代消極結構性限制，並強調「社會交換邏輯」在動員能量重建中的核心作用。

台灣隨著1987年解嚴與政治民主化，1980年代末期出現自主工運浪潮，既有研究多以「政治機會結構理論」為分析取向，指出2000年政黨輪替後雖有體制內突破，但卻未能有效轉化為基層實力，亦難維繫持久的政治影響力。而近年有研究指出，台灣工運再度展現新一波能量，尤以桃園市產業總工會（桃市產總）協助2012年關廠工人抗爭、2016年華航空服員罷工、以及兩度勞基法修惡抗爭等，皆有呈現工運社運化的特徵。

為理解當代台灣工運發展現況，本文借鏡國際對於「工運社運化」相關研究，以桃市產總為個案，透過訪談工會行動者，探討其內部組織運作、與基層工會互動模式，以及工運與社運團體間的串連方式，從中層（Meso-level）組織視角切入分析，在宏觀的政治機會結構理論與微觀的勞資爭議個案之間，得以更深入探究台灣工運社運化的在地化發展特色。

研究發現，桃市產總透過「聯合辦公制度」、推動「產職長城—企工堡壘」的組織策略，以及在勞資爭議中採取「挑戰勞動法令框架」的處理邏輯，建構出「戰鬥—協商」路線的發展基礎，並作為持續推動工運社運化的關鍵，不僅有效促進基層會員與工會之間，從經濟交換邏輯轉向「社會交換邏輯」，亦在提升會員工會數量及質量上皆所有累積，乃當前台灣工運社運化發展的重要突破。

關鍵字：桃園市產業總工會、工運社運化（Social Movement Unionism）、社會交換邏輯、 勞工運動、罷工、戰鬥—協商

論文外文摘要： Research indicates that since the 1980s, the global labor movement has generally faced the dual challenges of declining strength and decreasing union density. However, since the 1990s, the “Social Movement Unionism” (SMU) has become as a new opportunity to revitalize the labor movement. Research inspired by social movement theory shifted the focus from passive structural constraints toward an active, actor-centered orientation, emphasizing the pivotal role of the “social exchange logic” in reconstructing mobilizational capacity.

Due to Taiwan’s historical development under an authoritarian regime, research on the country’s union system has often drawn comparisons to “state corporatism.” Following the lifting of martial law and the progression of political democratization, a wave of autonomous labor movement protests emerged in the late 1980s. Many studies, adopting a “political opportunity structure theory” approach, have noted that under the political opportunities afforded by democratization—and after the change of ruling party in 2000—Taiwan’s autonomous labor movement achieved some institutional development and breakthroughs. However, these advances failed to translate into sustained grassroots capacity-building, and long-term political influence could not be maintained. In recent years, Taiwan’s labor movement has once again shown signs of renewed vitality. Notably, the Taoyuan Confederation of Trade Unions (TYCTU) played a key role in assisting the 2012 factory closure workers’ protest, the 2016 China Airlines flight attendants’ strike, and the 2016–2017 mobilizations against the rollback of the Labor Standards Act, all of which exhibited the characteristics of SMU.

To understand the current state of the contemporary labor movement in Taiwan, this article draws on international research on the “socialization of the labor movement”. Taking the TYCTU as a case study, this article, through interviews with union activists, explores its internal organizational operations, its interaction patterns with grassroots unions, and the connections between the labor movement and social movement groups. This analysis, approached from a meso-level organizational perspective, allows for a deeper exploration of the localized characteristics of the socialization of Taiwan's labor movement, drawing on the macro-level of political opportunity structures theory and the micro-level of labor-capital dispute cases.

The findings indicate that the TYCTU, through the implementation of a “joint office system”, the organizational strategy of promoting “industrial unions as a Great Wall and enterprise unions as fortresses”, and the adoption of a framework-challenging” approach in handling labor disputes, has laid the foundation for developing its “militant and negotiation” line. These strategies constitute the key to sustaining the advancement of SMU, effectively facilitating the shift of grassroots members and unions from an economic exchange logic toward a “social exchange logic”. At the same time, the TCTU has demonstrated continuous achievements in both the quantity and quality of its affiliated unions, representing a significant breakthrough in the contemporary development of SMU in Taiwan.

Keywords: Taoyuan Confederation of Trade Unions, Social Movement Unionism, social exchange logic, labor movement, strike, militant and negotiation.