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碩士/碩專班畢業論文

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學歷有用嗎?成年初期薪資、職業地位發展軌跡及性別差異
(碩士班:陳良瑋 )(指導教授:陳婉琪)

刊登日期:2016-12-29  
友善列印

國內既有文獻雖不乏薪資所得相關研究,但針對同一群青年世代在職場中的發展與追蹤分析並不多。為了了解學歷、性別及家庭等因素如何影響青年世代在職場中的薪資及職業地位取得,本研究使用多層次線性成長模型,以華人家庭動態子女樣本追蹤資料分析67-73年次出生者的薪資與職業生涯流動過程。研究發現高等教育確實有促進社會流動的效果。在成年初期,高等教育決定了起薪與初始社經地位,教育程度越高,初始社經地位也相對越高;不過在起薪上,只存在於碩士教育優於大學以下者,大學與專科並沒有差異。但在往後發展上,高等教育並不存在促進職業流動的效果,反之薪資成長的效果卻相當明顯,顯示著高等教育的效果在於初始社經地位的決定與後續的薪資發展上。另外,婚姻效果上卻有些額外的發現,在薪資上,已婚與未婚狀態在成年初期與發展上未具明顯差異,然而越早脫離未婚者則明顯具有婚姻溢酬。社經地位則不同,在成年初期,已婚者的職業社經地位明顯低於未婚者,但隨著婚齡的拉長,已婚者則優於未婚者。


Studies on labor market outcomes are numerous, though investigation of the career trajectory for a certain cohort is scarce in Taiwan. In this study, I used multilevel liner-growth model to analyze the youth sample of Panel Study of Family Dynamics, i.e., the cohort born between 1978 and 1984. I found that higher education does have the effect of enhancing social mobility. In early adulthood, higher education plays a crucial role in determining starting salaries and initial occupational status. The higher the education, the higher the starting salaries and initial SES. However, in the starting salary, it exists only for those who have obtained master degree. There is no difference between bachelor degree and junior college. As for later development, higher education also has the effect of accelerating salary increase. Youths who obtained higher levels of education enjoy more rapid increase of wage. However, this effect is not found in the analysis of occupational status.
In addition, there were some additional findings on the effect of marriage on career development. Although there is no difference in starting salaries between married and single youths in early adulthood, marital duration has a positive effect on later wage increase for young male, implying the existence of marriage premium. In contrast, there is no marriage premium among young women.